What does google do?
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Из всех запросов, которые мы ежедневно получаем, 15 % являются новыми, поэтому мы задействуем специальные алгоритмы для поиска информации. Чтобы показывать наиболее полезные сведения, мы учитываем множество факторов, в том числе поисковый запрос, характер контента на обнаруженных страницах, надежность источников, а также ваш язык и местоположение. Мы хотим быть уверенными в том, что пользователи неизменно считают результаты актуальными и достоверными. Чтобы наши системы предоставляли самую нужную информацию, мы придерживаемся установленной процедуры тестирования и оценки качества.
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Also known as: Google Inc., Google LLC
Written by
Coauthor of Sunburst: The Ascent of Sun Microsystems.
William L. Hosch
William L. Hosch was an editor at Encyclopædia Britannica.
William L. Hosch See All
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Last Updated: Sep 21, 2023 • Article History
Table of Contents
Larry Page and Sergey Brin
Recent News
Sep. 21, 2023, 6:08 PM ET (AP)
Sep. 20, 2023, 3:32 PM ET (AP)
Sep. 20, 2023, 9:29 AM ET (AP)
Sep. 19, 2023, 6:01 AM ET (AP)
Sep. 14, 2023, 9:18 PM ET (AP)
Google, in full Google LLC formerly Google Inc. (1998–2017), American search engine company, founded in 1998 by Sergey Brin and Larry Page, that is a subsidiary of the holding company Alphabet Inc. More than 70 percent of worldwide online search requests are handled by Google, placing it at the heart of most Internet users’ experience. It is one of the world’s most prominent brands. Its headquarters are in Mountain View, California.
Google began as an online search firm, but it now offers more than 50 Internet services and products, from e-mail and online document creation to software for mobile phones and tablet computers. In addition, its 2012 acquisition of Motorola Mobility put it in the position to sell hardware in the form of mobile phones. Google’s broad product portfolio and size make it one of the top four influential companies in the high-tech marketplace, along with Apple, IBM, and Microsoft. Despite this myriad of products, its original search tool remains the core of its success. In 2016 Alphabet earned nearly all of its revenue from Google advertising based on users’ search requests.
Searching for business
Brin and Page, who met as graduate students at Stanford University, were intrigued with the idea of extracting meaning from the mass of data accumulating on the Internet. They began working from Page’s dormitory room at Stanford to devise a new type of search technology, which they dubbed BackRub. The key was to leverage Web users’ own ranking abilities by tracking each Web site’s “backing links”—that is, the number of other pages linked to them. Most search engines simply returned a list of Web sites ranked by how often a search phrase appeared on them. Brin and Page incorporated into the search function the number of links each Web site had; i.e., a Web site with thousands of links would logically be more valuable than one with just a few links, and the search engine thus would place the heavily linked site higher on a list of possibilities. Further, a link from a heavily linked Web site would be a more valuable “vote” than one from a more obscure Web site.
In mid-1998 Brin and Page began receiving outside financing (one of their first investors was Andy Bechtolsheim, a cofounder of Sun Microsystems, Inc.). They ultimately raised about $1 million from investors, family, and friends and set up shop in Menlo Park, California, under the name Google, which was derived from a misspelling of Page’s original planned name, googol (a mathematical term for the number one followed by 100 zeroes). By mid-1999, when Google received a $25 million round of venture capital funding, it was processing 500,000 queries per day. Activity began to explode in 2000, when Google became the client search engine for one of the Web’s most popular sites, Yahoo!. By 2004, when Yahoo! dispensed with Google’s services, users were searching on Google 200 million times a day. That growth only continued: by the end of 2011 Google was handling some three billion searches per day. The company’s name became so ubiquitous that it entered the lexicon as a verb: to google became a common expression for searching the Internet.
To accommodate this unprecedented mass of data, Google built 11 data centres around the world, each of them containing several hundred thousand servers (basically, multiprocessor personal computers and hard drives mounted in specially constructed racks). Google’s interlinked computers probably number several million. The heart of Google’s operation, however, is built around three proprietary pieces of computer code: Google File System (GFS), Bigtable, and MapReduce. GFS handles the storage of data in “chunks” across several machines; Bigtable is the company’s database program; and MapReduce is used by Google to generate higher-level data (e.g., putting together an index of Web pages that contain the words “Chicago,” “theatre,” and “participatory”).
The extraordinary growth of Google led to internal management problems. Almost from the beginning, investors felt that Brin and Page needed an experienced manager at the helm, and in 2001 they agreed to hire Eric Schmidt as chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of the company. Schmidt, who previously had held the same positions at the software company Novell Inc., had a doctorate in computer science and melded well with the technocratic impulses of the founders. During Schmidt’s reign as CEO, Page served as president of products, and Brin was president of technology. The trio ran the company as a “triumvirate” until Page took on the CEO role in 2011, Schmidt became executive chairman, and Brin adopted the title of director of special projects.
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The company’s initial public offering (IPO) in 2004 raised $1.66 billion for the company and made Brin and Page instant billionaires. In fact, the IPO created 7 billionaires and 900 millionaires from the early stockholders. The stock offering also made news because of the unusual way it was handled. Shares were sold in a public auction intended to put the average investor on an equal footing with financial industry professionals. Google was added to Standard and Poor’s 500 (S&P 500) stock index in 2006. In 2012 Google’s market capitalization made it one of the largest American companies not in the Dow Jones Industrial Average.
Google reorganized itself in August 2015 to become a subsidiary of the holding company Alphabet Inc. Internet search, advertising, apps, and maps, as well as the mobile operating system Android and the video-sharing site YouTube, remained under Google. Separate Google ventures—such as longevity research company Calico, home-products company Nest, and research lab Google X—became separate firms under Alphabet. Page became CEO of Alphabet, Brin its president, and Schmidt its executive chairman. Sundar Pichai, senior vice president of products, became Google’s new CEO. Alphabet again reorganized in 2017 to create an intermediate holding company, XXVI Holdings, and to convert Google into a limited liability company (LLC). In 2018 Schmidt stepped down as executive chairman. More changes followed in 2019 as both Brin and Page left their posts as president and CEO, respectively. However, they both remained on Alphabet’s board of directors. Pichai became CEO of the holding company while retaining that position at Google.
Advertising growth
Google’s strong financial results reflected the rapid growth of Internet advertising in general and Google’s popularity in particular. Analysts attributed part of that success to a shift in advertising spending toward the Internet and away from traditional media, including newspapers, magazines, and television. For example, American newspaper advertising fell from a peak of $64 billion in 2000 to $20.7 billion in 2011, while global online advertising grew from approximately $6 billion in 2000 to more than $72 billion in 2011.
Since its founding, Google has spent large sums to secure what it has calculated to be significant Internet marketing advantages. For example, in 2003 Google spent $102 million to acquire Applied Semantics, the makers of AdSense, a service that signed up owners of Web sites to run various types of ads on their Web pages. In 2006 Google again paid $102 million for another Web advertisement business, dMarc Broadcasting, and that same year it announced that it would pay $900 million over three and a half years for the right to sell ads on MySpace.com. In 2007 Google made its largest acquisition to date, buying online advertising firm DoubleClick for $3.1 billion. Two years later the company responded to the explosive growth of the mobile applications market with a $750 million deal to acquire the mobile advertising network AdMob. All of these purchases were part of Google’s effort to expand from its search engine business into advertising by combining the various firms’ databases of information in order to tailor ads to consumers’ individual preferences.
What does google do?
Жители разных стран мира пользуются Google Поиском, чтобы находить нужные сведения, ближе знакомиться с интересующими их темами и принимать важные решения. Мы понимаем, что нам доверяет множество людей, и наши приоритеты всегда остаются неизменными. По мере развития технологий мы по-прежнему будем стремиться помогать всем пользователям в поиске нужной информации.
Мы считаем, что Поиск должен:
Предоставлять людям максимально актуальную и достоверную информацию
Из всех запросов, которые мы ежедневно получаем, 15 % являются новыми, поэтому мы задействуем специальные алгоритмы для поиска информации. Чтобы показывать наиболее полезные сведения, мы учитываем множество факторов, в том числе поисковый запрос, характер контента на обнаруженных страницах, надежность источников, а также ваш язык и местоположение. Мы хотим быть уверенными в том, что пользователи неизменно считают результаты актуальными и достоверными. Чтобы наши системы предоставляли самую нужную информацию, мы придерживаемся установленной процедуры тестирования и оценки качества.
Беспрепятственный доступ к информации
Цель Google – систематизировать всю информацию в мире и сделать ее доступной для каждого пользователя. При помощи Google Поиска можно легко находить самые разные сведения из множества источников. Иногда людей интересуют простые вопросы, например какова высота Эйфелевой башни. Но Google Поиск может помочь и более глубоко погрузиться в ту или иную тему и изучить ее с разных сторон.
Поскольку мы стремимся обеспечивать свободный доступ к информации, мы удаляем контент из результатов поиска только при определенных условиях, например если этого требует владелец сайта или материалы нарушают закон.
Предоставлять информацию в самом удобном виде
Сегодня информацию можно найти не только на веб-страницах, но и в изображениях, видеороликах, новостях, результатах спортивных соревнований и других видах контента. Если вы хотите построить маршрут до музея или просто найти нужный адрес, Google предложит карту. А по запросам, связанным с погодой или курсом акций, мы показываем данные, актуальные на текущую минуту. Для удобства пользователей мы стремимся сделать интерфейс и язык Google Поиска понятными. А тщательное тестирование помогает нам убедиться в том, что найденная информация действительно полезна.
Заботиться о конфиденциальности ваших данных
Руководствуясь принципами конфиденциальности, мы создаем различные инструменты и материалы. Они помогают пользователям понять, как мы используем их данные, чтобы сделать Поиск полезнее. Например, на основе истории поиска могут предлагаться варианты автозаполнения. Если вы начали вводить “Санкт-Петербург”, то, прежде чем успеете набрать весь запрос, вы увидите места и достопримечательности, сведения о которых вы уже искали. Пользуясь продуктами Google, вы доверяете нам свои личные данные. Мы обеспечиваем защиту и конфиденциальность такой информации. Для этого мы создали специальные средства, с помощью которых можно управлять настройками конфиденциальности и даже удалить свои данные. Защиту ваших данных обеспечивает инфраструктура, которая по праву считается одной из самых эффективных в мире. Кроме того, мы не продаем личную информацию пользователей третьим лицам: Google получает доход от рекламы.
Продавать только рекламу
Чтобы Google Поиск оставался бесплатным и доступным для всех, нужна реклама. И мы не продаем ничего, кроме нее.
Мы не берем денег за показ в нашем поисковом индексе. Даже если физическое или юридическое лицо оплачивает показ рекламы, это никак не учитывается алгоритмами Google Поиска. Рекламодатели не получают привилегий в Поиске и не могут повысить рейтинг сайта за плату.
Мы показываем рекламу, только если считаем, что она соответствует вашему поисковому запросу. Поэтому чаще всего в результатах поиска вообще нет рекламы. В то же время у всех объявлений есть соответствующая пометка, позволяющая легко отличить их от обычных результатов поиска.
Помогать владельцам бизнеса и авторам добиться успеха в интернете
Мы хотим, чтобы в интернете было представлено как можно больше актуального и полезного контента на самых разных языках. Поэтому мы помогаем пользователям, издателям и компаниям добиваться успеха в Сети и привлекать внимание аудитории. Например, мы направляем посетителей как на популярные, так и на малоизвестные сайты, а также показываем контактные данные организаций. Мы не берем за это плату и предоставляем бесплатные инструменты и материалы, которые помогут владельцам сайтов добиться успеха.
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What Does Google Mean?
Google is an internet search engine. It uses a proprietary algorithm that’s designed to retrieve and order search results to provide the most relevant and dependable sources of data possible.
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Google’s stated mission is to “organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful.” It is the top search engine in the world, a position that has generated criticism and concern about the power it has to influence the flow of online information.
Google is so dominant that the term “Google” can also be used as a verb, so that when someone searches for something on Google, they may say they “Googled” it.
Techopedia Explains Google
Google began as a search project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University.
The search engine algorithm they developed was unique because it ranked pages not only based on their content, but on how many other webpages linked back to them.
Page and Brin determined that links to a page were a sign of its online authority, and Google’s algorithm therefore returned more useful results, helping propel Google to become the most-used search engine.
Google’s algorithm was patented and named PageRank. The current search technology is based on some of these principles, but has evolved to the point where there are many more variables at play.
Although the Google corporation has since branched out to provide many other products beyond search, the search engine is still Google’s most popular service.